When Protectors Become Predators: The State Against Freedom of Expression in Nigeria, 2025

This report documents a disturbing pattern of intimidation, arbitrary arrests, unlawful detentions, harassment, physical violence and other forms of attacks against journalists and media workers by security and law enforcement agencies, intelligence operatives, and other government officials.

It highlights how those entrusted with maintaining law and order have instead become instruments of repression, targeting journalists for doing their legitimate work of informing the public and holding power to account.

By focusing on violations perpetrated by state agents, this report underscores one of the most troubling contradictions in Nigeria’s governance: the failure of public institutions and
officials to respect and protect the rights they are sworn to uphold.